William Shippen Jr. (October 21, 1736 - July 11, 1808), was the first systematic teacher of anatomy, surgery and obstetrics in Colonial America and founded the first maternity hospital in America. He was the 3rd Director General of Hospitals of the Continental Army.
Video William Shippen Jr.
Early life
He was born on October 21, 1736 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was the son of William Shippen Sr. (1712-1801), also a doctor, and Susannah (née Harrison) Shippen. His sister, Susan Shippen, was married to Samuel Blair, the second Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives.
He studied at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), graduating in 1754. He studied medicine first with his father, then went to England and Scotland and in 1761 earned his medical degree at the University of Edinburgh Medical School.
Maps William Shippen Jr.
Career
Shippen followed his father William Shippen Sr. into a medical career. At his father's encouragement, William Jr. commenced America's first series of anatomy lectures in 1762. He became one of the first professors (of anatomy, surgery, and midwifery) of America's first medical school (the College of Philadelphia, now the University of Pennsylvania), which he co-founded in 1765 with Dr. John Morgan. At the time, male midwifery was considered "offensive" and people threw stones through the windows of his dissecting rooms and occasionally burst into his rooms in mobs.
American Revolution
During the American Revolutionary War, Shippen served as Chief Physician & Director General of the Hospital of the Continental Army in New Jersey (1776) and as Director General of the Hospitals West of the Hudson River (October 1776). Ultimately, he served (April 11, 1777 - January 1781) as Director of Hospitals for the Continental Army, a precursor of the Surgeon General of the U.S. Army. Shippen had connived to replace Dr. Morgan, his predecessor in that position. Later Morgan, with the assistance of Dr. Benjamin Rush, brought about his forced resignation. He was subsequently court martialed for misappropriating supplies intended for recovering soldiers and underreporting deaths, but was acquitted on a technicality.
Shippen was among the founders of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia and served as its president 1805-1808. He was also a member of the original board of trustees of Old Pine Street Church.
Personal life
Shippen was married to Alice Lee (1736-1817), the daughter of Thomas Lee and Hannah Harrison Ludwell. Together, they were the parents of:
- Anne Hume Shippen (1763-1841), who married Henry Beekman Livingston (1750-1831), who commanded the 4th New York Regiment at the Battles of Saratoga and Monmouth and during the winter at Valley Forge. He was the son of Robert Livingston (1718-1775) and great-grandson of Robert Livingston the Elder, 1st Lord of Livingston Manor.
Shippen died on July 11, 1808 in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
References
- Notes
- Sources
- Randolph Shipley Klein, Portrait of an Early American Family: The Shippens of Pennsylvania Across Five Generations. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1975.
- Columbia Encyclopedia article
External links
- William Shippen Jr. at Find a Grave
- Portrait
- Notes from a lecture on Midwifery by Dr. William Shippen Jr., taken by Uriah Derickson on April 7, 1798 at the Pennsylvania Hospital
Source of article : Wikipedia
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